The information a coach gives to the players about their performance is one form of extrinsic feedback.

The purpose of feedback is to compare the players’ actual performance in the practice with the desired performance. Effective feedback should help the player learn and develop his or her skills to improve performance.

How the coach gives feedback to the player and how the player receives that feedback are important considerations for effectiveness. Both the coach and the player’s communication skills can be a limiting factor in giving and receiving effective feedback.

Following are some guidelines for providing (extrinsic) coach feedback:

• Feedback should be positive and encouraging, particularly for younger players.

• Feedback should be constructive – if an error is identified then the coach should provide reasons for the error and possible solutions.

• Feedback should be given immediately following the performance while it is still fresh in the mind of the player.

• Feedback should be specific to what the player was asked to perform.

• Feedback should be consistent with the player’s stage of growth and development.

• Encourage your players to feel the movement to develop their own intrinsic feedback.

When giving feedback, keep in mind that information stays with learners for between 20 and 30 seconds, so it is important to get players practising as soon as possible after feedback.

Keep the instructions short and have the player focus on only one or two elements at a time.

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